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๐ฌSpeaking Class L 1 | Ep 7. Learning to Say “์๋์์”("-์ด/๊ฐ ์๋์์.")
✨ Master Korean Negatives with "์๋์์." — Easy Grammar Guide! ("์๋์์" ์์ ์ ๋ณตํ๊ธฐ!)
๐ฌ How to Say ‘Not’ in Korean: The Expression "-์ด/๊ฐ ์๋์์" (ํ๊ตญ์ด ๋ถ์ ํํ: "-์ด/๊ฐ ์๋์์." ์ฝ๊ฒ ๋ฐฐ์ฐ๊ธฐ)
์๋ ํ์ธ์~ ํฐ๋์ค์ด์์ ๐
์ค๋๋ ํ๊ตญ์ด ๊ฐ์ด ๊ณต๋ถํด์!
Hello everyone~ This is Tina teacher ๐
Let’s study Korean together today!
๐ก ์ค๋์ ์ฃผ์ (Today’s Topic)
์ค๋์ ‘์๋์์.’๋ฅผ ๋ฐฐ์์.
Today we will learn “์๋์์.”
๐ "์๋์์" ์๋ฒฝ ์ดํดํ๊ธฐ
“์๋์์”๋ “์๋๋ค”๋ผ๋ ๋์ฌ์ ํ์ฉํ์ผ๋ก, ์ด๋ค ์ฌ์ค์ ๋ถ์ ํ ๋ ์ฌ์ฉํด์.
"์๋์์" is the conjugated form of the verb "์๋๋ค", used when you want to negate a fact.
๐ ์ฌ์ (Dictionary): ์๋๋ค (to say something is NOT true) ↔ ์ด๋ค
๐ ๋งํ ๋ (When speaking): ์๋์์ ↔ -์ด์์/์์
๐ ์๋ฅผ ๋ค์ด(for example),
- ํ์์ด์์. → “I am a student.”
- ํ์์ด ์๋์์. → “I am not a student.”
๐บ ๋จผ์ , ์์ ์์ ๊ฐ์ด ๋ด์!
Let’s watch the lesson video first!
๊ทธ๋ฆผ์ ๋ณด์ธ์. (Look at the picture!)
์ ์ธ: ํ์ (student)
์ํธ: ๊ฐ์ (singer)
์ ์ธ: ํ์ (student)
๐ ์ ์ธ์ ํ์์ด์์. (Jane is a student.)
์ง๋ฌธ(Question)
Q: ์ ์ธ์ ๊ฐ์์์? (Is Jane a singer?)
A: ์๋์์. (No.)
๐ ์ ์ธ์ ๊ฐ์๊ฐ ์๋์์. (Jane is not a singer.)
์ํธ: ๊ฐ์ (singer)
๐ ์ํธ๋ ๊ฐ์์์. (Youngho is a singer.)
์ง๋ฌธ(Question)
Q: ์ํธ๋ ํ์์ด์์? (Is Youngho a student?)
A: ์๋์์. (No.)
๐ ์ํธ๋ ํ์์ด ์๋์์. (Youngho is not a student.)
๐ ๋ฃ๊ธฐ ํํธ(Listening Part)

์ฐ๋ฆฌ ๊ฐ์กฑ์ ์๊ฐํด์. Let me introduce my family.
์ฐ๋ฆฌ ๊ฐ์กฑ์ ์๋น , ์๋ง, ์ค๋น , ๊ทธ๋ฆฌ๊ณ ์ ์ด๋ ๊ฒ ๋ค ๋ช ์ด์์. There are four people in my family: my dad, my mom, my older brother, and me.
์ฐ๋ฆฌ ์๋น ๋ ํ๊ตญ ์ฌ๋์ด์์. My dad is Korean.
์๋ง๋ ํ๊ตญ ์ฌ๋์ด ์๋์์. My mom is not Korean.
์ฐ๋ฆฌ ์๋ง๋ ๋ฏธ๊ตญ ์ฌ๋์ด์์. My mom is American.
์ฐ๋ฆฌ ์ค๋น ๋ ํ์ฌ์์ด์์. My brother is an office worker.
์ ๋ ํ์ฌ์์ด ์๋์์. I am not an office worker.
ํ์์ด์์. I am a student.
๐ ์ค๋์ ํํ
์ค๋์ ํํ์ ๋ฐฐ์์. Today’s expression is:
๐ “-์ด/๊ฐ ์๋์์.”
๐ “N + -์ด/๊ฐ ์๋์์”
→ Used to say something is not true.
-
๐น ๋ฐ์นจ์ด ์๋ ๋ช
์ฌ (Ends with a final consonant) → “–์ด ์๋์์”
Ex) ํ์ → ํ์์ด ์๋์์ -
๐น ๋ฐ์นจ์ด ์๋ ๋ช
์ฌ (Ends with a vowel) → “–๊ฐ ์๋์์”
Ex) ๊ฐ์ → ๊ฐ์๊ฐ ์๋์์
๊ทธ๋ฆผ์ ๋ณด์ธ์. Look at the picture.
์ ์ธ: ํ์ (student)
์ํธ: ๊ฐ์ (singer)
์ง๋ฌธํด์.Question:
๐ ์ ์ธ์ ํ๊ตญ ์ฌ๋์ด์์?(Is Jane Korean?)
๋๋ตํด์. Answer:
๐ ์๋์์. (No.)
์ด๋ ๊ฒ ๋งํ ์ ์์ด์. You can say like this!
๐ ์ ์ธ์ ํ๊ตญ ์ฌ๋์ด ์๋์์.(Jane is not Korean.)
“ํ๊ตญ ์ฌ๋”์ ๋ฐ์นจ์ด ์์ด์. “ํ๊ตญ ์ฌ๋(Korean)” has a final consonant.
๐ ๊ทธ๋์ “-์ด ์๋์์”๋ฅผ ์จ์.
so we say “-์ด ์๋์์.”
์ง๋ฌธํด์.Question:
๐ ์ ์ธ์ ๊ฐ์์์?(Is Jane a singer?)
๋๋ตํด์. Answer:
๐ ์๋์์. (No.)
์ด๋ ๊ฒ ๋งํ ์ ์์ด์. You can say like this!
๐ ์ ์ธ์ ๊ฐ์๊ฐ ์๋์์. (Jane is not a singer.)
"๊ฐ์"์ ๋ฐ์นจ์ด ์์ด์. “๊ฐ์(singer)” has no final consonant.
๐ ๊ทธ๋์ “-๊ฐ ์๋์์”๋ฅผ ์จ์.
so we say “-๊ฐ ์๋์์.”
์ง๋ฌธํด์.Question:
๐ ์ํธ๋ ๋ฏธ๊ตญ ์ฌ๋์ด์์? (Is Youngho American?)
๋๋ตํด์. Answer:
๐ ์๋์์.(No.)
์ด๋ ๊ฒ ๋งํ ์ ์์ด์. You can say like this!
๐ ์ํธ๋ ๋ฏธ๊ตญ ์ฌ๋์ด ์๋์์. (Youngho is not American.)
์ง๋ฌธํด์. Question:
๐ ์ํธ๋ ํ์์ด์์? (Is Youngho a student?)
๋๋ตํด์. Answer:
๐ ์๋์์. (No.)
์ด๋ ๊ฒ ๋งํ ์ ์์ด์. You can say like this!
๐ ์ํธ๋ ํ์์ด ์๋์์. (Youngho is not a student.)
๐ ์ฐ์ต(Practice)
์ด์ ์ฐ์ตํด ๋ณผ๊น์? Now let’s practice!๐
๐ ๋๋ผ (Country)
๐น Keywords: ์ธ๋, ํ๊ตญ ์ฌ๋
๐ Affirmative sentence: ์ฐ๋ฆฌ ์ธ๋๋ ํ๊ตญ ์ฌ๋์ด์์. (My older sister is Korean.)
๐ Negative sentence: ์ฐ๋ฆฌ ์ธ๋๋ ํ๊ตญ ์ฌ๋์ด ์๋์์. (My older sister is not Korean.)
๐ผ ์ง์ (Job)
๐น Keywords: ์๋ฒ์ง, ๋ณํธ์ฌ
๐ Affirmative sentence: ์ฐ๋ฆฌ ์๋ฒ์ง๋ ๋ณํธ์ฌ์์. (My father is a lawyer.)
๐ Negative sentence: ์ฐ๋ฆฌ ์๋ฒ์ง๋ ๋ณํธ์ฌ๊ฐ ์๋์์. (My father is not a lawyer.)
๐ ๋์ด (Age)
๐น Keywords: ๋์, ์ค๋ฌด ์ด
๐ Affirmative sentence: ์ฐ๋ฆฌ ๋์์ ์ค๋ฌด ์ด์ด์์. (My younger sibling is 20 years old.)
๐ Negative sentence: ์ฐ๋ฆฌ ๋์์ ์ค๋ฌด ์ด์ด ์๋์์. (My younger sibling is not 20 years old.)
๐จ๐ฉ๐ง ๊ฐ์กฑ (Family)
๐น Keywords:์ฐ๋ฆฌ ๊ฐ์กฑ, ์ผ๊ณฑ ๋ช
๐ Affirmative sentence: ์ฐ๋ฆฌ ๊ฐ์กฑ์ ์ผ๊ณฑ ๋ช ์ด์์. (There are 7 people in my family.)
๐ Negative sentence: ์ฐ๋ฆฌ ๊ฐ์กฑ์ ์ผ๊ณฑ ๋ช ์ด ์๋์์. (There are not 7 people in my family.)
๐ฃ ๋ฌธํ ํ (Culture Tip)
๐ ํ๊ตญ ์ฌ๋๋ค์ “์๋์์”๋ฅผ ์์ฃผ ์จ์.
์๋ฅผ ๋ค์ด, ๋๊ตฐ๊ฐ “๊ณ ๋ง์์!”๋ผ๊ณ ํ๋ฉด,
ํ๊ตญ ์ฌ๋๋ค์ ์ข ์ข ์์ฌ๋๋ฅผ ์น๋ฉด์ ์ด๋ ๊ฒ ๋งํด์.
Koreans use “์๋์์” very often.
For example, if someone says “Thank you!”,
Koreans often wave their hands and say:
๐ “์๋์์~”
์ด๊ฑด ๊ณ ๋ง์ด ๋ง์์ ๋ถ์ ํ๋ ๊ฒ ์๋์์.
“๋ณ๊ฑฐ ์๋์์.”, “์ฒ๋ง์์.”, “๊ด์ฐฎ์์.” ์ด๋ฐ ๋ป์ด์์.
This doesn’t mean they are denying your gratitude.
It means: “It’s nothing,” “Don’t mention it,” or “You’re welcome.”
๋ ๋๊ตฐ๊ฐ ์นญ์ฐฌํ ๋๋ ๊ทธ๋์.
“์, ์์ด ์ํ์๋ค์!” ํ๋ฉด,
Also, when someone gives a compliment, Koreans often answer with “์๋์์.”
For example:
“Wow, your Korean is really good!”
๐ “์๋์์, ์์ง ๋ฉ์์ด์~” ๋ผ๊ณ ๋๋ตํด์. (No, not really. I still have a long way to go.)
์ฆ, “์๋์์”๋ ๋จ์ํ NO, not ์ด๋ฐ๊ฒ ์๋๋ผ,
๐ ํ๊ตญ ์ฌ๋๋ค์ ๊ฒธ์๊ณผ ๋งค๋๋ฅผ ๋ณด์ฌ์ฃผ๋ ํํ์ด์์.
So, “์๋์์” is not just “No.”
๐ It shows Korean politeness and modesty.
๐ฃ ๋ฃ๊ธฐ ํ์ธ

์ฐ๋ฆฌ ๊ฐ์กฑ์ ์๊ฐํด์. Let me introduce my family.
์ฐ๋ฆฌ ๊ฐ์กฑ์ ์๋น , ์๋ง, ์ค๋น , ๊ทธ๋ฆฌ๊ณ ์ ์ด๋ ๊ฒ ๋ค ๋ช ์ด์์. There are four people in my family: my dad, my mom, my older brother, and me.
์ฐ๋ฆฌ ์๋น ๋ ํ๊ตญ ์ฌ๋์ด์์. My dad is Korean.
์๋ง๋ ํ๊ตญ ์ฌ๋์ด ์๋์์. My mom is not Korean.
์ฐ๋ฆฌ ์๋ง๋ ๋ฏธ๊ตญ ์ฌ๋์ด์์. My mom is American.
์ฐ๋ฆฌ ์ค๋น ๋ ํ์ฌ์์ด์์. My brother is an office worker.
์ ๋ ํ์ฌ์์ด ์๋์์. I am not an office worker.
ํ์์ด์์. I am a student.
<๋ฃ๊ธฐ ํ์ธ | Listening Check>
| Q: ๊ฐ์กฑ์ด ๋ช ๋ช
์ด์์? How many people are there in the family? |
✅ ๋ค ๋ช
์ด์์. There are four people. ๐ ์ฐ๋ฆฌ ๊ฐ์กฑ์ ๋ค ๋ช ์ด์์. There are four people in my family. |
| Q: ์๋ง๋ ํ๊ตญ ์ฌ๋์ด์์? Is the mom Korean? |
✅ ์๋์์. No. ๐ ์๋ง๋ ํ๊ตญ ์ฌ๋์ด ์๋์์. Mom is not Korean. |
| Q: ์ ๋ ํ์ฌ์์ด์์? Am I an office worker? |
✅ ์๋์์. No. ๐ ์ ๋ ํ์ฌ์์ด ์๋์์. I am not an office worker. |
์ค๋์ “์๋์์.”๋ฅผ ๋ฐฐ์ ์ด์.
Today we learned “์๋์์.”
For example,
๐ ์ ๋ ํ์์ด ์๋์์ (I am not a student.)— ์ด๋ ๊ฒ, ๋ญ๊ฐ๋ฅผ ๋ถ์ ํ ๋ ์จ์.
We use this to say something is NOT true.
๋ค์ ์๊ฐ์ ๋ ๋ง๋์~ ์๋ ๐
See you next time~ Bye


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