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μλ νμΈμ, ν°λμ€μ΄μμ.
Hello, everyone, I’m Tina, your Korean teacher! π
Things are a little noisy here in Korea these days — but for a big reason!
President Yoon Suk-yeol was recently impeached, and now a new presidential election is coming up on June 3rd.
So these days, you can hear campaign trucks everywhere, shouting things like:
“Your one vote can change Korea!” π€π’
I really hope it leads to a good result — and that Korea gets a wise and caring leader.
In the meantime… it’s been a bit tricky for me to record videos!
Every time I hit “record,” a campaign van rolls by, and I’m like — “Nooo, not again!” π
Anyway — I hope it stays quiet today so we can study well together!
Let’s get started!
[Review – Compound Vowel Buddy Groups]
Last time, we learned about compound vowels.
They’re two vowels working together to make one smooth sound.
We grouped them into three buddy categories to make them easier to remember.
πΈ 1. 'γ £' Buddies (γ , γ , γ , γ , γ , γ )
First, ‘l’ buddies! Let’s look at them one by one!
- γ [ya] = γ £ + γ → μΌκ΅¬ (baseball)
- γ [yeo] = γ £ + γ → μ¬μ (woman)
- γ [yo] = γ £ + γ → μ리 (cooking)
- γ [yu] = γ £ + γ → μ 리 (glass)
- γ [yae] = γ £ + γ → μκΈ° (talk, story)
- γ [ye] = γ £ + γ → μμ (manners)
πΈ 2. 'γ ' Buddies (γ , γ , γ , γ )
Now, let’s move on to our next group — the ‘γ ’ buddies!
- γ [wa] = γ + γ → μμ΄μ μΈ (dress shirt)
- γ [wo] = γ + γ → μ€μ (shower)
- γ [wae] = γ + γ → μ? (why?)
- γ [we] = γ + γ → μ€μ¨ν° (sweater)
πΈ 3. 'γ ‘' Buddy (γ ’)
Alright, last group! It’s the ‘γ ‘’ buddy — just one vowel, but but don’t skip it — it’s an important one. Ready?
- γ ’ [ui] = γ ‘ + γ £ → μμ (chair)
[Today’s Lesson – What is λ°μΉ¨ (Final Consonant)?]
Let’s dive into today’s lesson!
Today, we’re learning about λ°μΉ¨- the final consonants in Korean! π
In English, letters are written side to side.
But in Korean, we combine sounds into blocks — just like building little sound units!
Let’s look at the word “νκΈ(Hangul).”
In Korean, it’s written with two blocks: ν and κΈ.
Each block can have a λ°μΉ¨ — a final consonant that goes at the bottom of the block.
- In “ν,” the final consonant is γ΄.
- In “κΈ,” the final consonant is γΉ.
π So λ°μΉ¨ is the last consonant that sits at the bottom of a Korean syllable block.
And we read the block as one sound, including the λ°μΉ¨!
That’s why we don’t say “ν-γ΄” or “κ·Έ-γΉ” separately — we just say νκΈ naturally!
When a λ°μΉ¨ is added, it can change the sound and meaning of a word.
So today, let’s learn the different λ°μΉ¨ sounds and how to use them in real words! π
[Which Consonants Can Be λ°μΉ¨?]
Let’s see which consonants can be used as λ°μΉ¨!
In Korean, we have 19 consonants:
- 14 basic consonants: γ±, γ΄, γ·, γΉ, γ , γ , γ , γ , γ , γ , γ , γ , γ , γ
- 5 double consonants: γ², γΈ, γ , γ , γ
But not all of them are used as λ°μΉ¨.
π Only 16 consonants can be used at the bottom of a syllable. That includes the 14 basic consonants plus γ² and γ from the double consonants.
γΈ, γ , and γ are not used as λ°μΉ¨. ❌
Here’s another important rule!
Even though you see different consonants at the bottom of a syllable, they don’t all keep their usual sound.
π There are actually only 7 sounds for all final consonants in Korean!
Let’s look at the table π and go through them one by one.
Even if the bottom letter is γ±, γ , or γ²,
they’re all pronounced the same — as the [γ±] sound.
Next is [γ΄] sound.
That one’s simple — only γ΄ makes this sound.
Now, let’s look at the [γ·] sound.
This one’s kind of a big family! π
Even if you see γ·, γ , γ , γ , γ , γ , or γ at the bottom of a word, they’re all pronounced like the [γ·] sound.
Then there’s the [γΉ] sound.
Only γΉ makes this one.
We also have the [γ ] sound.
Yes, that one’s just γ !
How about the [γ ] sound?
Even though you might see γ or γ at the bottom of a syllable, they both sound like the [γ ] sound.
And finally, we have the [γ ] sound.
It’s just γ .
So just remember —Even though there are 16 λ°μΉ¨ letters, you only need to master these 7 sounds:
[γ±], [γ΄], [γ·], [γΉ], [γ ], [γ ], [γ ] π
Let’s look at a few examples:
- λ° (outside) — Even though you see γ², it sounds like [λ°] ([γ±] sound).
- κ½ (flower) — The γ at the bottom sounds like [κΌ³] ([γ·] sound).
- μ² (forest) — The γ at the bottom sounds like [μ©] ([γ ] sound).
And guess what?
There’s also something called double λ°μΉ¨ (like γ³, γ΅, γΌ), but we’ll learn those next time.
Today, we’re starting with single λ°μΉ¨ — step by step! ✨
[Final Sound 1 – [γ ] Sound: Lip-Closing Sound]
Let’s start with our first final consonant sound: [γ ]. i like to call this one the lip-closing sound! π
Because your lips come together at the end-like you’re gently closing a window.
π‘ And look! The shape of the letter γ even kind of looks like a little window, doesn’t it? πͺ
Let’s start with the basic syllable “λ§ (ma)”.
Now, what happens if we add γ as the final sound?
π Not λ§λ―, but λ§!
Now let’s try some real Korean words that end with the γ sound. We’ll keep it simple — one syllable at a time:
π£️ κ° (gam – persimmon)
π£️ λ°€ (bam – night or chestnut)
π£️ λ΄ (dam – wall)
[Final Sound 2 – γ Sound: Circle Sound]
Next up is the [γ ] sound — the circle sound! ⭕️
You might know that γ makes no sound when it comes at the beginning of a syllable (like in μ, μ€, μ°).
But when it’s at the end — as a λ°μΉ¨ — it absolutely makes a sound!
π This time, the back of your tongue gently touches the back of the roof of your mouth, and the sound vibrates through your nose.
Let’s say “μ” (a) first. Now add γ to the end.
π Not μμΌ, but μ!
π‘ Try this: Put one hand on the bridge of your nose, and the other on your throat, and say “μ~~~”
Do you feel both spots vibrating?
That’s how γ sounds at the end of a syllable.
Now, let’s practice some one-syllable words with γ as the final sound:
π£️ 곡 (gong – ball)
π£️ κ° (gang – river)
π£️ λ°© (bang – room)
πΈ [γ ] vs [γ ] Sound Practice
Now let’s try saying the [γ ] and [γ ] sounds side by side, and feel the difference!
- κ° (gam – persimmon) / κ° (gang – river)
- κ³° (gom – bear) / 곡 (gong – ball)
- λ°€ (bam – night/chestnut) / λ°© (bang – room)
Just one sound change — and the whole meaning changes!
[Final Sound 3 – γ΄ / γΉ Sounds: Tip of the Tongue Sounds]
Now let’s move on to [γ΄] and [γΉ] sounds, which are both tip-of-the-tongue sounds! π
Let’s start with [γ΄]!
πΉ Practice [γ΄] Sound
Let’s say λ (na) first. Now add γ΄ to the end.
π Not λλ, but λ!
Here are some simple one-syllable words to try:
- μ° (san – mountain)
- λ¬Έ (mun – door)
- λ (nun – eye or snow)
- κ° (gan – liver)
πΉ Practice [γΉ] Sound
Now let’s try [γΉ]!
Start with λΌ (ra), then add γΉ.
π Not λΌλ₯΄, but λ!
Now practice these words:
- λ¬ (dal – moon)
- λ¬Ό (mul – water)
- λ³ (byeol – star)
- κΈΈ (gil – road)
πΈ [γ΄] vs [γΉ] Sound Practice
Now let’s practice [γ΄] and [γΉ] sounds side by side — listen closely and try to catch the difference!
- μ° (mountain) / μ΄ (flesh)
- λ¬Έ (door) / λ¬Ό (water)
- λ (money) / λ (stone)
- λ° (half) / λ° (foot)
See? A small change at the end completely changes the word! π
[Final Sound 4 – γ± Sound: Blocked Throat Sound]
Now, let’s learn the [γ±] final sound.
This sound is made by blocking the back of your throat — like you’re holding your breath for a moment.
Try saying μ (a).
Now add γ±. μ !
It almost feels like your tongue blocks your throat, doesn’t it?
Now let’s try combining κ° (ga) with γ±.
π Not κ°κ·Έ, but κ°!
Now here’s something really important! ✍️
π The letters γ±, γ , and γ² — when used as final sounds — are all pronounced the same way: [γ±].
Let’s compare:
They all end with the same sound — even though the spelling is different!
[Final Sound 5 – γ Sound: Lip-Closing Sound]
Now let’s move on to [γ ], another lip-closing sound like [γ ]. π
But this time, it’s a little different.
Try saying “μ~” .
π That’s a soft, humming sound.
Now try “μ!”
πShort and firm, right? Like a quick stop.
So if [γ ] is like a soft hum…Then [γ ] is like holding your breath and cutting the sound off! π
Let’s try “λ° (ba)” first.
Now let’s add the final consonant.
π Not λ°λΈ, but λ°₯!
π Here’s something important:
In the final position, both γ and γ are pronounced as [γ ] sound
Let’s look at a couple of examples:
Even though they look different, they sound exactly the same!
Now let’s try more real words with this final [γ ] sound:
π£️ μ² (sup – forest)
π£️ μ (ip – leaf)
π£️ μ (ip – mouth)
π£️ μ (yeop – side)
π£️ μ»΅ (keop – cup)
They all end with that short, tight [γ ] sound.
[Final Sound 6 – γ· Sound: Tip of the Tongue Sound]
Our last final consonant sound is [γ·]! π
Let’s say λ€ (da) first.
Now add γ· to the end — not λ€λ… but λ«!
Now here’s something you need to remember:
When these consonants come at the end — γ·, γ , γ , γ , γ , γ , γ — they all sound like [γ·] sound!
Let’s take a look:
Even though they’re spelled differently, they all end with [γ·]!
Now you’ve learned all 7 final consonant sounds in Korean:
[γ±], [γ΄], [γ·], [γΉ], [γ ], [γ ], [γ ]
Even though there are many letters, they all collapse into just 7 final sounds!
[Korean Consonant Names & How to Pronounce Them]
Now that we’ve practiced all the λ°μΉ¨ sounds…
You’re ready to read and pronounce the names of Korean consonants! π
Most consonant names follow a simple pattern. Look at this!
π But there are 3 special cases you need to remember:
- γ± → κΈ°μ
- γ· → λκ·Ώ
- γ → μμ·
Let’s check them one by one!
Now let’s look at how these names are actually pronounced.
Remember the 7 final sounds? [γ±], [γ΄], [γ·], [γΉ], [γ ], [γ ], [γ ]
They also appear at the end of consonant names!
Now you can read, write, and pronounce all Korean consonants confidently!
You’re doing great ! π«
π¬ [Closing – You Did It!]
Today, we practiced all 7 final consonant sounds, And you also learned how to read and say the names of Korean consonants! π
Changing the final consonant can completely change the meaning of a word —So learning how to say and write them clearly is super important!
You’re just getting started, but with everything you’ve learned so far, you can already read and write so many Korean words! π
Let’s keep going together, step by step.
π‘ In the next lesson, we’ll review with more real words and explore double λ°μΉ¨ (final consonant pairs) —how they look, how they sound, and how to use them.
Thank you so much for studying with me today! π₯°
Don’t forget to check out the Korean version of this class, too!
See you next time!
Bye for now~ μλ ! ππ
νκ΅μ΄ λ²μ μΌλ‘λ μμ
λ€μ΄λ΄μ!
Check out the lesson in Korean!
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